مجله مدیریت نوآوری
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 2، بهار 1392)

This study intends to identify the constituent elements of "external factors influencing innovation development model, "identify the relations amongst main elements, and lastly design a comprehensive structure of external factors influencing the innovation development model in research organizations. To design a theoretical framework for research model, taking advantage of relevant literatures and library research and conducting exploratory interviews, the “effective factors” on innovation development in research organizations extracted then evaluated using survey research methodology and questionnaires. The data of the study were collected using questionnaires distributed among three-hundred subjects; and each major component of the conceptual model was analyzed. The structural equation model and LISREL software as research instruments were used to evaluate the causal relations between components of conceptual model. Based on research findings, "competitive intelligence" was the most influential factor through dominating emerging technologies space, absorbing and transferring knowledge from organization’s external environment elements, forecasting before competitors, reaching to future before customers, and predicting market changes. Also taking advantage of science & research centers along with benchmarking, outsourcing, and idea absorption; and considering the "customers" through investigations based on customer needs and his participation in all design processes and innovation creating culture and getting customers’ satisfaction; are the next important influential parameters influencing the innovation development on research organizations.

If foresight activity assumes to be an effective activity, so its consequences should have reflected in the policy-making process. This notion emphasizes the concept of foresight as a policy intelligence tool. So far, no framework has been presented to show that foresight influences on policy making process. Therefore, current research tries to provide a framework for aligning technology foresight with policy-making. This research mainly develops the proposed framework by integrating the concepts of evidence-based policy-making and adaptive foresight with the help of a mixed method. The “mixed method” approach used in this study is the sequential exploratory design characterized by collection and analysis of qualitative data followed by collection and analysis of the quantitative data. First, the conceptual framework developed through the qualitative section by meta-synthesis and constant comparative method of analysis (CCM); second, in quantitative section, the quantitative tests used to evaluate the factors, dimensions, and components of developed theoretical framework. To test the proposed model, questionnaires as the data collection tool distributed to a sample of fifteen experts active in the field of foresight and policy-making. The results show that the hypotheses of the study confirmed, and the outcomes revealed that the proposed framework of the study is valid.

Features such as competitiveness and complexity characterize current age as the age of knowledge and information. Knowledge age organizations are obliged to conform collaborating and networking approaches. Networking approaches have raised new issues in organizations; to confront these issues, revisiting presumptions in management, leadership, and organizing sciences should take consideration. The main purpose of current research is to investigate these issues analytically. Issues presented as in model. In order to build the ingredients of the model, it supposed that the primary aim of a complex organization is to enhance the adaptability and response speed to achieve the results. In this direction, the main networks interpreting theories - complexity theory and complexity leadership theory - have used. In order to explain organizing in network, the concept of super-structure and in order to explain the main process of the network, the main processes of the net centric warfare utilized too. In order to conclude and integrate the ingredients of the model, organizational excellence approach utilized. Finally, a conceptual, testable, and operational model introduced.

Function is similar to an umbrella that covers all the concepts important for achieving the success and doing activities; so, it is important to evaluate its performance. Although, several models have been proposed, so far, but yet there is a lack for comprehensive model focuses on strategic goals covers all the key issues needed for the managers, while have the ability to evaluate the strategic innovation. The aim of this study was to present such study conducted based on a qualitative research. First, the conceptual and philosophical analyses performed; second, the most important features of an ideal model of library studies extracted and classified into five general features; then, the strategic model for assessing the organizational performance with four layers (1.input, 2. Process, 3.output, 4.outcomes) designed using the study of 30 models of performance evaluation and using a comparative analysis (in systematic perspective). Since the emphasis of systematic perspective is on coordination and communication of components, the logic model used to highlight the integrity and hierarchical features of the model (4 layers). For validation purpose, first the structured method and a judgment based on knowledge and expertise was used second, the modified model evaluated operationally in 21 strategic groups of organization. The questionnaires distributed to three organizational groups in order to gain the validity. The average scores of questionnaire caused the acceptability of the managers and expertise in whole organization.

Policy-making or in other words, task prioritization in different research and industrial fields are among the most important factors in increasing efficiency for resource allocation. Since the concept of Science and Technology park is new in Iran and has great potential in moving toward development; prioritizing its activities seems so important. In this research aside from the library studies and surveys done on national documents - including law for the fifth development plan, 20 year perspective document for Iran, national integrated scientific scheme and strategic document of evolution for Iran science and technology - seventeen criteria were chosen to select high-tech industries in order to enter to technology parks. These criteria led to compose a questionnaire that was distributed among three influential authorities namely policy-makers at Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, firms located inside the parks and the absorption committee of the park. Data gathered from questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical method of factor analysis in order to classify seventeen criteria in four general factors. After reviewing the related literature, the titles: Economic & Technical, Strategic, Infrastructures and Environment suggested for these factors. Finally, a framework for prioritizing high-tech industries introduced in order to enter to Esfahan Sheikh-Bahayee Science & Technology Park.

Many studies carried out on the technological collaboration achievements in the field of science and technology policy. Some focus on how science and technology policies work. Iran’s science and technology policies support technological collaboration by providing many incentives especially for emerging technologies as Nano. There are still some debates over the issue whether these policies are effective or not. This research conducted to investigate the affecting factors on achievements of technological collaborations. Given related literature on the topic, affecting factors on technological collaborations classified into four factors: Individual, Institutional, Organizational, and Interactional. Conducting interviews asking about twenty active experts in science and technology policy and nanotechnology sector in Iran ended in the verified model. Next, the research model examined via structural equations and path analysis methods. All seventy-two researchers participated in the survey were randomly selected from Nanotech experts’ database. The results show that interactional factors including social networks, people interactions, organizational interactions and technological networks directly and positively relate to collaboration achievement.